They do not ovulate until they mate with a male. Unlike many other mammals, cats do not automatically ovulate (release eggs) once they are in heat. She may urinate more often than usual or mark vertical surfaces outside her litterbox.įinally, you may notice an increase in the number of intact male cats (tomcats) that are hanging around your house, because they are attracted by the smell of a female in heat. Instead, your cat may become extremely affectionate, often rubbing against their owners or rolling on the floor to solicit affection. Unlike dogs, cats do not typically have visible bleeding while in heat. There are a number of behaviors that may indicate that your cat is in heat. This hormone cascade triggers the beginning of the estrous cycle. Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates egg follicles within the ovary to develop and mature, while also stimulating the ovary to produce estrogen. When the brain senses adequate daylight, it releases a hormone called follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Thanks to artificial lighting, however, indoor cats may cycle year-round. Outdoor cats have more frequent estrous cycles in the spring and summer, when the days are longer. Their estrous cycle, or heat cycle, is controlled by day length. The Estrous CycleĬats go into estrus, or heat, seasonally. The cervix separates the uterus from the vagina, which is a muscular tube that connects the uterus to the external vulva. This helps keep bacteria from entering the uterus and causing infection. The cervix remains tightly closed much of the time, especially during pregnancy. The uterus is sealed off from the outside world by the cervix. The feline uterus is described as bicornuate, meaning “two horns.” These long uterine horns allow for multiple kittens to simultaneously develop within the uterus. While a human uterus looks like an upside-down pear, the feline uterus consists of two long uterine horns, connected in a “V” shape. However, the uterus of a cat has a very different shape than a human uterus. The uterus of a cat, like the human uterus, is where pregnancy develops. The oviduct is where fertilization with sperm occurs the fertilized egg then enters the uterus to implant in the uterine wall. When an egg is released from the ovary, it travels down the oviduct towards the uterus.
There are two oviducts, one for each ovary. They are connected to the uterus by oviducts, also known as Fallopian tubes. The ovaries are located on either side of the body, near the kidneys. Estrogen is required for the development and maturation of eggs, while progesterone acts primarily to prepare the body and uterus for pregnancy. The female sex hormones play an important role in the sexual development and pregnancy of intact female cats. Female cats are typically born with two ovaries, which begin to produce eggs and sex hormones once a kitten reaches approximately six months of age. The primary sex organ in female cats is the ovary. First, let’s talk about the female reproductive system in cats.
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